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1. ECE265 — Lecture Schedule — 2026-09

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1.1 Tentative Lecture Schedule

Danger

Please be aware that a significant amount of manual data entry is required in the preparation of the information in this schedule. Manual data entry is always somewhat error prone. Although the instructor has done his best to try to ensure the correctness of this information, some errors are likely inevitable. If you notice any errors in this information, please inform the instructor so that he can correct them.

The indication of exam dates and due dates for assignments is only intended to be approximate. Please consult the course outline for the exam dates. Please consult the Brightspace site for the exact submission deadlines for assignments.

Warning

This schedule information will be updated throughout the term in order to make improvements and/or corrections. Therefore, you are advised to refer directly to this online document (whenever you have a working Internet connection) instead of relying on your own separate copy (e.g., made by printing this web page to a PDF document using your web browser). The date/time of the last revision of the schedule information is given in a note below.

Note

The following schedule was last revised: 2026-04-06 at 13:28:55.

1.1.1 Week 1: Sep 07—11, 2026

1.1.1.1 Lecture 1: Wed Sep 09, 2026

  • UNIT: Course Overview
  • NOTE : SLIDES FOR COURSE ADMINISTRATION ARE COVERED HERE. It covers topics related to how the course is run (e.g., how students are assessed).
  • Motivation: The Big Questions
  • What is a Signal?
  • What is a System?
  • Examples of Systems
  • Signal Processing Systems
  • Communication Systems
  • Control Systems
  • Why Study Signals and Systems?
  • Tacoma Narrows Bridge Collapse
  • Millennium Bridge Fiasco

1.1.1.2 Lecture 2: Fri Sep 11, 2026

  • UNIT: Complex Analysis
  • Complex Functions
  • Continuity
  • Differentiability
  • Open Disks
  • Analyticity
  • EXAMPLE A.11 [analytic]
  • Zeros and Singularities
  • Zeros and Poles of a Rational Function
  • EXAMPLE A.12 [poles/zeros]
  • UNIT: CT and DT Signals and Systems
  • SUBUNIT: Sets and Mappings
  • Commonly-Used Sets
  • Notation for Sets of Consecutive Integers
  • Notation for Intervals on the Real Line
  • Mappings
  • Functions and Sequences

1.1.2 Week 2: Sep 14—18, 2026

1.1.2.1 Lecture 3: Tue Sep 15, 2026

  • CT/DT Function Terminological Convention
  • Operators
  • System Operators
  • Operator Grouping
  • EXAMPLE --- NEW U.SS.1 [domain, codomain, valid expressions, type of expression]
  • Transforms
  • Examples of Transforms
  • Mappings: Summary
  • SUBUNIT: Symmetry and Periodicity
  • Even Symmetry
  • Odd Symmetry
  • Symmetry and Addition/Multiplication
  • Decomposition into Even and Odd Parts
  • EXAMPLE --- Theorem 3.1 [even/odd decomposition]
  • Conjugate Symmetry
  • Periodicity
  • Periodicity Examples
  • Fundamental Period/Frequency
  • Least Common Multiple (LCM)
  • Sum of Periodic Functions/Sequences
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.2 [sum of periodic functions]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.4 [sum of periodic sequences]
  • NOTE : Assignment 1 (Complex Analysis): Due approximately on the day of today's lecture. Consult the Brightspace site for the precise submission deadline.

1.1.2.2 Lecture 4: Wed Sep 16, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Independent-Variable Transformations
  • Time Shifting (Translation) [CT and DT]
  • Time Shifting (Translation): CT Example
  • Time Shifting (Translation): DT Example
  • Time Reversal (Reflection) [CT and DT]
  • Time Reversal (Reflection): CT and DT Examples
  • Time Scaling (Dilation) [CT Only]
  • Time Scaling (Dilation): Example
  • Downsampling [DT Only]
  • Composing Time Transformations (1)
  • Composing Time Transformations (2)
  • Composing Time Shifting and Time Scaling
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.3 [two interpretations of x(at-b)]
  • Composing Time Shifting and Downsampling

1.1.2.3 Lecture 5: Fri Sep 18, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Properties of Functions
  • Right-Sided Functions/Sequences
  • Left-Sided Functions/Sequences
  • Finite-Duration and Two-Sided Functions/Sequences
  • Bounded Functions/Sequences
  • 1-Norm
  • Energy of a Function/Sequence (Square of 2-Norm)
  • SUBUNIT: Elementary Functions/Sequences
  • Floor and Ceiling Functions
  • Real Sinusoidal Functions
  • Real Sinusoidal Sequences (1)
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.8 [real sinsusoidal sequence and periodicity]
  • Real Sinusoidal Sequences (2)
  • Oscillation Rate of Real Sinusoidal Sequences
  • Effect of Increasing Frequency on Oscillation Rate
  • Complex Sinusoidal Functions (1)
  • Complex Sinusoidal Functions (2)
  • Plot of \(x(t)=e^{j\omega t}\) for \(\omega \in \{2\pi, -2\pi\}\)
  • Complex Sinusoidal Sequences (1)
  • Complex Sinusoidal Sequences (2)
  • Complex Sinusoidal Sequences (3)
  • Real and Complex Sinusoids: Summary
  • Real Exponential Functions
  • Real Exponential Functions: \(x(t)=Ae^{\lambda t}\), \(A>0\)
  • Real Exponential Sequences (1)
  • Real Exponential Sequences (2)
  • Real Exponential Sequences: \(x(n)=ca^n\), \(a>0\)
  • Real Exponential Sequences: \(x(n)=ca^n\), \(a<0\)
  • Complex Exponential Functions (1)
  • Complex Exponential Functions (2)
  • Complex Exponential Functions (3)
  • Complex Exponential Sequences (1)
  • Complex Exponential Sequences (2)
  • Complex Exponential Sequences (3)

1.1.3 Week 3: Sep 21—25, 2026

1.1.3.1 Lecture 6: Tue Sep 22, 2026

  • Unit-Step Function
  • Unit-Step Sequence
  • Signum Function
  • Rectangular Function
  • Indicator Function
  • CT Unit Rectangular Pulses
  • DT Unit Rectangular Pulses
  • Rewriting Multi-Case Formulas in Terms of a Single Case
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.12 [collapse multi-case function formula]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.12 [collapse multi-case sequence formula]
  • Cardinal Sine Function
  • Dirac Delta Function
  • Dirac Delta Function as a Limit
  • Properties of Dirac Delta Function
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.10 [Dirac delta function properties]
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.11 [Dirac delta function properties]
  • Kronecker Delta Sequence
  • Properties of the Kronecker Delta Sequence
  • EXAMPLE -- 8.11 [Kronecker delta sequence properties]

1.1.3.2 Lecture 7: Wed Sep 23, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Systems
  • Systems
  • Block Diagram Representations
  • Interconnection of Systems
  • SUBUNIT: Properties of Systems
  • Memory (1)
  • Memory (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.16[3.17] [memory; CT; integral]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.15 [memory; DT; exp]
  • Causality (1)
  • Causality (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.19 [causal; CT]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.18 [causal; DT]
  • Invertibility (1)
  • Invertibility (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.23 [invertible; CT]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.22 [invertible; DT]

1.1.3.3 Lecture 8: Fri Sep 25, 2026

  • Bounded-Input Bounded-Output (BIBO) Stability
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.28 [stable; CT]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.26 [stable; DT]
  • Time Invariance (TI) (1)
  • Time Invariance (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.33 [TI; CT]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.29 [TI; DT]
  • Additivity
  • Homogeneity
  • Linearity
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.36[3.37] [linear; CT]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.33 [linear; DT]
  • Eigenfunctions/Eigensequences of Systems
  • EXAMPLE --- 3.41(a)[3.42]
  • EXAMPLE --- 8.39(b)

1.1.4 Week 4: Sep 28 — Oct 02, 2026

1.1.4.1 Lecture 9: Tue Sep 29, 2026

  • UNIT: LTI Systems
  • Why Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems?
  • Characterizing LTI Systems
  • SUBUNIT: Convolution
  • CT and DT Convolution
  • Practical CT Convolution Computation
  • EXAMPLE --- Exer. 4.101(u) [CT convolution]
  • NOTE : Assignment 3 (LTI Systems): Due approximately on the day of today's lecture. Consult the Brightspace site for the precise submission deadline.

1.1.4.2 Holiday: National Day for Truth and Reconciliation: Wed Sep 30, 2026

1.1.4.3 Lecture 10: Fri Oct 02, 2026

  • Practical DT Convolution Computation
  • EXAMPLE --- 9.1 [DT convolution; graphical]

1.1.5 Week 5: Oct 05—09, 2026

1.1.5.1 Lecture 11: Tue Oct 06, 2026 — Midterm Exam 1

  • NOTE : Midterm Exam 1 is held during this lecture.

1.1.5.2 Lecture 12: Wed Oct 07, 2026

  • EXAMPLE --- 9.3 [DT convolution; tabular]
  • Properties of Convolution
  • Convolutional Identity

1.1.5.3 Lecture 13: Fri Oct 09, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Convolution and LTI Systems
  • Impulse Response
  • EXAMPLE --- 9.6 [DT impulse response]
  • Step Response
  • Block Diagram of LTI Systems
  • Interconnection of LTI Systems
  • EXAMPLE --- 4.7 [system interconnection; covers CT+DT at once]
  • SUBUNIT: Properties of LTI Systems
  • Memory
  • EXAMPLE --- 4.8 [memory; CT case]
  • EXAMPLE --- 9.10[9.11] [memory; DT case]
  • Causality
  • EXAMPLE --- 4.10 [causality; CT case]
  • EXAMPLE --- 9.12[9.13] [causality; DT case]

1.1.6 Week 6: Oct 12—16, 2026

1.1.6.1 Lecture 14: Tue Oct 13, 2026

  • Invertibility
  • EXAMPLE --- 9.15[9.16] [invertibility; DT case]
  • BIBO Stability
  • EXAMPLE --- 4.14 [stability; CT case]
  • EXAMPLE --- 9.18[9.17] [stability; DT case]
  • Eigenfunctions/Eigensequences of LTI Systems
  • Exploiting Eigenfunctions/Eigensequences
  • EXAMPLE --- 4.18 [CT case]
  • EXAMPLE --- 9.20 [DT case]

1.1.6.2 Lecture 15: Wed Oct 14, 2026

  • UNIT: Fourier Series
  • Introduction
  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Series
  • Harmonically-Related Complex Sinusoids
  • CT Fourier Series (CTFS) (1)
  • CT Fourier Series (CTFS) (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- 5.3 [CTFS; find FS coef. sequence]
  • DT Fourier Series (DTFS) (1)
  • DT Fourier Series (DTFS) (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- 10.4 [DTFS; find FS coef. sequence]
  • Fourier Series: Summary
  • NOTE : Assignment 3 (LTI Systems): Due approximately on the day of today's lecture. Consult the Brightspace site for the precise submission deadline.

1.1.6.3 Lecture 16: Fri Oct 16, 2026

  • CTFS/DTFS: Linearity
  • CTFS/DTFS: Even/Odd Symmetry Preservation
  • CTFS/DTFS: Real Conjugate-Symmetry Duality
  • CTFS/DTFS: Average Value
  • SUBUNIT: Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)
  • Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)
  • DTFS Normalization
  • DFT: From Periodic Sequences to Vectors
  • Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)
  • DTFS Versus DFT
  • EXAMPLE --- 10.8 [DTFS DFT relationship]

1.1.7 Week 7: Oct 19—23, 2026

1.1.7.1 Lecture 17: Tue Oct 20, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Series and Frequency Spectra
  • A New Perspective: The Frequency Domain
  • Motivating CTFS Example (1)
  • Motivating CTFS Example (2)
  • CT/DT Fourier Series and Frequency Spectra (1)
  • CT/DT Fourier Series and Frequency Spectra (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- OLD-5.7[5.8] [CTFS; find freq. spectrum]
  • Remarks on Frequency Spectra in DT Case
  • EXAMPLE --- 10.9 [DTFS; find freq. spectrum]
  • CT Versus DT Spectra

1.1.7.2 Lecture 18: Wed Oct 21, 2026

  • Frequency Spectra of Real-Valued Functions/Sequences
  • EXAMPLE --- 5.11 [CT; spectra of real-valued functions]
  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Series and LTI Systems
  • Eigenproperties of LTI Systems
  • Fourier Series and LTI Systems: Exploiting Eigenproperties
  • EXAMPLE --- 5.12 [CT; eigenfunction to avoid convolution]
  • EXAMPLE --- 10.11 [DT; eigensequence to avoid convolution]
  • CT/DT Frequency Response: Summary

1.1.7.3 Lecture 19: Fri Oct 23, 2026

  • UNIT: Fourier Transform
  • Motivation for the CT and DT Fourier Transforms
  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Transform
  • Development of the CT and DT Fourier Transforms [Aperiodic Case]
  • Development of the CT Fourier Transform [Aperiodic Case]
  • Development of the DT Fourier Transform [Aperiodic Case]
  • Generalized Fourier Transform
  • CT Fourier Transform (CTFT)
  • EXAMPLE --- 6.3 [CTFT computation]
  • DT Fourier Transform (DTFT)
  • EXAMPLE --- 11.1 [DTFT computation]
  • CTFT/DTFT: Summary
  • SUBUNIT: Properties of Fourier Transform
  • CTFT Properties
  • CTFT Pairs
  • DTFT Properties
  • DTFT Pairs
  • NOTE : Assignment 4 (Fourier Series): Due approximately on the day of today's lecture. Consult the Brightspace site for the precise submission deadline.

1.1.8 Week 8: Oct 26—30, 2026

1.1.8.1 Lecture 20: Tue Oct 27, 2026

  • Periodicity [DTFT Only]
  • Linearity
  • CTFT Linearity Example
  • Translation (Time-Domain Shifting)
  • DTFT Translation (Time Shifting) Example
  • Modulation (Frequency-Domain Shifting)
  • CTFT Modulation Example
  • Reflection (Time Reversal)
  • Conjugation
  • (Time-Domain) Convolution
  • (Time-Domain) Multiplication
  • Frequency-Domain Differentiation
  • Parseval’s Relation
  • Even/Odd Symmetry Preservation
  • Real Conjugate-Symmetry Duality

1.1.8.2 Lecture 21: Wed Oct 28, 2026

  • Dilation (Time-/Frequency-Domain Scaling) [CTFT Only]
  • Duality [CTFT Only]
  • EXAMPLE --- 6.13 [CTFT duality]
  • (Time-Domain) Differentiation [CTFT Only]
  • (Time-Domain) Integration [CTFT Only]
  • Systematic Table-Based CTFT/DTFT Computation [Simple Case]
  • EXAMPLE --- 6.22 [systematic CTFT computation, simple case]
  • EXAMPLE ---11.23 [systematic DTFT computation, simple case]
  • Systematic Table-Based CTFT/DTFT Computation [General Case]
  • EXAMPLE --- 6.23 [systemtic CTFT computation, general case]
  • EXAMPLE --- 11.24 [DTFT computation, general case]

1.1.8.3 Lecture 22: Fri Oct 30, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Transform of Periodic Functions/Sequences
  • Fourier Transform of Periodic Functions/Sequences (1)
  • EXAMPLE --- 6.21 [FT of periodic function]
  • Fourier Transform of Periodic Functions/Sequences (2)
  • EXAMPLE --- 11.21 [FT of periodic sequence]
  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Transform and Frequency Spectra
  • Frequency-Domain Perspective on Functions/Sequences
  • Fourier Transform and Frequency Spectra (1)
  • Fourier Transform and Frequency Spectra (2)
  • Fourier Transform and Frequency Spectra (3)
  • Frequency Spectra of Real-Valued Functions/Sequences
  • Bandwidth: CT Case
  • Bandwidth: DT Case

1.1.9 Week 9: Nov 02—06, 2026

1.1.9.1 Lecture 23: Tue Nov 03, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Transform and LTI Systems
  • Frequency Response of LTI Systems (1)
  • Frequency Response of LTI Systems (2)
  • Frequency Response of LTI Systems (3)
  • Magnitude and Phase Distortion in Audio
  • Magnitude and Phase Distortion in Images
  • Example: Magnitude and Phase Distortion in Images (1)
  • Example: Magnitude and Phase Distortion in Images (2)
  • Block Diagram Representations of LTI Systems
  • Interconnection of LTI Systems
  • CT LTI Systems and Differential Equations
  • DT LTI Systems and Difference Equations
  • SUBUNIT: Fourier Transform Relationships
  • Relationship Between DTFT and DFT
  • Spectral Sampling Example
  • Spectral Sampling Example: \(N=4\)
  • Spectral Sampling Example: \(N=8\)
  • Spectral Sampling Example: \(N=16\)
  • Spectral Sampling Example: \(N = 64\)

1.1.9.2 Lecture 24: Wed Nov 04, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Application: Filtering
  • Filtering
  • Ideal Lowpass Filter (1)
  • Ideal Lowpass Filter (2)
  • Ideal Highpass Filter (1)
  • Ideal Highpass Filter (2)
  • Ideal Bandpass Filter (1)
  • Ideal Bandpass Filter (2)
  • SUBUNIT: Application: Amplitude Modulation (AM)
  • Motivation for Amplitude Modulation (AM)
  • Trivial Amplitude Modulation (AM) System
  • Trivial Amplitude Modulation (AM) System: Example
  • Double-Sideband Suppressed-Carrier (DSB-SC) AM
  • DSB-SC AM: Transmitter
  • DSB-SC AM: Receiver
  • DSB-SC AM: Complete System

1.1.9.3 Lecture 25: Fri Nov 06, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Sampling and Interpolation
  • Sampling and Interpolation
  • Periodic Sampling
  • Invertibility of Sampling
  • Model of Sampling
  • Model of Sampling: Various Signals
  • Model of Sampling: Invertibility of Sampling Revisited
  • Model of Sampling: Characterization
  • Sampling: Fourier Series for a Periodic Impulse Train
  • Sampling: Multiplication by a Periodic Impulse Train
  • Model of Sampling: Aliasing (1)
  • Model of Sampling: Aliasing (2)
  • Model of Interpolation
  • Sampling Theorem

1.1.10 Week 10: Nov 09—13, 2026

1.1.10.1 Break: Reading Break: Mon Nov 09, 2026

1.1.10.2 Break: Reading Break: Tue Nov 10, 2026

1.1.10.3 Holiday: Remembrance Day: Wed Nov 11, 2026

1.1.10.4 Holiday: Thanksgiving Day: Thu Nov 12, 2026

1.1.10.5 Lecture 26: Fri Nov 13, 2026 — Midterm Exam 2

  • NOTE : Midterm Exam 2 is held during this lecture.

1.1.11 Week 11: Nov 16—20, 2026

1.1.11.1 Lecture 27: Tue Nov 17, 2026

1.1.11.2 Lecture 28: Wed Nov 18, 2026

  • UNIT: Laplace and Z Transforms
  • Motivation Behind the Laplace and Z Transforms
  • Eigenproperties of LTI Systems
  • SUBUNIT: Laplace and Z Transforms
  • Bilateral Laplace Transform (BLT)
  • Relationship Between BLT and CTFT (1)
  • Relationship Between BLT and CTFT (2)
  • BLT and Causal Functions
  • Unilateral Laplace Transform (ULT)
  • Bilateral Z Transform (BZT)
  • NOTE : Assignment 5 (Fourier Transforrm): Due approximately on the day of today's lecture. Consult the Brightspace site for the precise submission deadline.

1.1.11.3 Lecture 29: Fri Nov 20, 2026

  • Relationship Between BZT and DTFT (1)
  • Relationship Between BZT and DTFT (2)
  • BZT and Causal Sequences
  • Unilateral Z Transform (UZT)
  • Laplace and Z Transforms: Summary
  • SUBUNIT: ROC of ULT and UZT
  • Region of Convergence (ROC)
  • Right-Half Plane (RHP)
  • ROC of ULT
  • Circle Exterior
  • ROC of UZT

1.1.12 Week 12: Nov 23—27, 2026

1.1.12.1 Lecture 30: Tue Nov 24, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Properties of ULT and UZT
  • ULT Pairs
  • ULT Properties
  • Linearity [ULT]
  • Translation (Time-Domain Shifting) [ULT]
  • Dilation (Time/Laplace-Domain Scaling) [ULT]
  • Frequency Shifting (Laplace-Domain Shifting) [ULT]
  • Convolution [ULT]
  • Differentiation [ULT]

1.1.12.2 Lecture 31: Wed Nov 25, 2026

  • UZT Pairs
  • UZT Properties
  • Linearity [UZT]
  • Time Delay [UZT]
  • Convolution [UZT]

1.1.12.3 Lecture 32: Fri Nov 27, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Partial Fraction Expansions (PFEs)
  • Motivation for PFEs
  • Strictly-Proper Rational Functions
  • Partial Fraction Expansions (PFEs) [CT and DT Contexts]
  • Simple-Pole Case [CT and DT Contexts]
  • Repeated-Pole Case [CT and DT Contexts]
  • SUBUNIT: Inverse Laplace and Z Transforms
  • Inverse ULT
  • Inverse UZT
  • SUBUNIT: Laplace and Z Transforms and LTI Systems
  • System Function of CT/DT LTI Systems
  • Block Diagram Representation of CT/DT LTI Systems
  • Series and Parallel Interconnection of CT/DT LTI Systems
  • Feedback Interconnection of CT/DT LTI Systems

1.1.13 Week 13: Nov 30 — Dec 04, 2026

1.1.13.1 Lecture 33: Tue Dec 01, 2026

  • Causality
  • BIBO Stability
  • BIBO Stability [CT Case]
  • BIBO Stability [DT Case]
  • Invertibility
  • CT LTI Systems and Differential Equations
  • DT LTI Systems and Difference Equations

1.1.13.2 Lecture 34: Wed Dec 02, 2026

  • SUBUNIT: Application: Design and Analysis of Control Systems
  • Control Systems
  • Feedback Control Systems
  • Stability Analysis of Feedback Control Systems

1.1.13.3 Lecture 35: Fri Dec 04, 2026

  • UNIT: Final Exam Review
  • NOTE : This lecture time slot is for final exam review.
  • NOTE : Assignment 6 (Laplace and Z Transforms): Due approximately on the day of today's lecture. Consult the Brightspace site for the precise submission deadline.